MD5 processes input data in 512-bit blocks. It uses a series of bitwise operations, logical functions, and modular additions across 64 rounds of computation to transform the input into a fixed 128-bit digest. The algorithm's design prioritizes cryptographic security over raw speed, which significantly impacts its performance.
Cryptographically broken. It is vulnerable to "collision attacks," where two different inputs produce the exact same hash. xxhash vs md5