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Veterinarians trained in use ethograms—formal catalogs of behaviors—to score pain objectively. A 2023 study in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine found that behavioral pain scales were as accurate as radiographic evidence for diagnosing musculoskeletal pain in dogs.

: Behavioral issues are a leading cause of pet abandonment and euthanasia. Veterinarians who address behavior can preserve the bond between owners and pets, ultimately saving lives. Core Behavioral Concepts in Practice zooskoolcom install

The integration of behavior into veterinary science serves three primary purposes: 1. Reducing Stress and Fear-Free Care zooskoolcom install

are solitary hunters and territorial; a hospital environment that smells like dogs can trigger a massive cortisol spike. zooskoolcom install