| Authentication Type | Description | Security Level | |---|---|---| | | Uses a digital signature to verify that card data hasn’t been altered. The static data in the card is signed by the issuer, and the terminal checks the signature using the issuer’s public key. | Vulnerable to cloning — because the authentication data remains static across transactions. | | Dynamic Data Authentication (DDA) | Generates a unique cryptographic value for each transaction using the card’s private key. This value is verified by the terminal. | Harder to clone — requires a more advanced chip and more processing power. | | Combined Data Authentication (CDA) | Combines DDA with transaction data signing. Both the transaction data and the dynamic data are signed by the card. | Most secure — but also the most complex. |
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means the software specifically targets cards that use Static Data Authentication. It attempts to copy the static signature and replay it on a duplicate card. | Authentication Type | Description | Security Level