Interstellar Network Proxy !!top!! -

Traditional internet communication relies on the chatty TCP/IP protocol stack. TCP requires a continuous, low-latency "handshake" between the sender and receiver. If a server on Earth sends a packet of data to Mars, it expects an acknowledgment (ACK) within milliseconds. Because that ACK takes 20 minutes to return, a standard Earth-bound server assumes the data is lost, drops the connection, and attempts to retransmit. This creates an endless loop of connection timeouts. 2. What is an Interstellar Network Proxy?

How are structured within BPv7 bundles.

The foundational framework for any INP is , originally pioneered by NASA and Vint Cerf. While the terrestrial internet is built on the concept of packet switching, DTN introduces Bundle Switching . The Bundle Protocol (RFC 5050 / RFC 9171) interstellar network proxy

This system breaks down over interplanetary distances due to the speed of light: Because that ACK takes 20 minutes to return,